In this episode, I’m sharing my thoughts on my recent trip to New York City, focusing on the jazz clubs and concerts I explored. We visited some of the iconic spots that have been standing the test of time, like Smalls, Mezzrow, and Smoke, and also discovered some fresh new places, such as Jazz Cultural and Close Up. Plus, we went to the Essentially Ellington competition at Jazz @ Lincoln Center to see the Young Lions Jazz Conservatory perform and snag an Honorable Mention Award. You can listen to the audio from the stream in this podcast.

Playlist
Artist ~ Name ~ Album
Caelan Cardello ~ Gone Fishin’ ~ Chapter One
Sarah Hanahan ~ We Bop! ~ Among Giants
Jacobs Jazz Orchestra (YLJC) ~ Star Crossed Lovers ~ Essentially Ellington Competition
Steve Wilson ~ Helen's Song ~ Enduring Sonance
Sean Jones ~ How High the Moon ~ Im·pro·vise Never Before Seen
John Di Martino ~ Isfahan ~ Passion Flower
Scott Robinson ~ Tenor Eleven ~ Scott Robinson: Tenormore
Sullivan Fortner ~ In a Sentimental Mood ~ Moments Preserved
Steve Davis ~ Club 880 ~ Images

Episode 149 with Yuma Sasaki, CEO and founder of Dodai, a groundbreaking e-mobility firm revolutionising transportation in East Africa.

Based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Dodai Manufacturing PLC is assembling and selling high-speed, affordable electric motorcycles equipped with long-lasting lithium batteries. Yuma shares how Dodai is making e-mobility accessible for everyone in Africa, helping commuters escape traffic jams, cut fuel costs, and embrace a more sustainable future.

What We Discuss With Yuma

• The strategic and personal reasons why Yuma chose Ethiopia as a base of operations
• Valuable lessons learnt during his time at Uber and how they influenced the founding and operational strategies of Dodai
• Strategies Yuma has used to drive awareness about the EV market in Ethiopia
• The impact of affordable electric two-wheelers on urban transportation in Addis Ababa, including addressing traffic congestion and reducing emissions
• Exploring if Dodai's long-term vision is exclusively on e-mobility or expanding to include the development of broader EV infrastructure in Ethiopia

Did you miss my previous episode where I discuss Infrastructure That Lasts: Creating Lasting Value by Redefining Project Delivery in Africa with Emeka Obiwulu? Make sure to check it out!

Like this show? Please leave us a review here -- even one sentence helps!

Connect with Terser on LinkedIn at Terser Adamu, and Twitter (X) @TerserAdamu

Connect with Yuma on LinkedIn at Yuma (ይልማ) and Dodai

Many of the businesses unlocking opportunities in Africa don’t do it alone. If you’d like strategic support on entering or expanding across African markets, reach out to our partners ETK Group:

www.etkgroup.co.uk
info@etkgroup.co.uk

The story of the Fendika Cultural Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia is the story of Melaku Belay and his journey from homelessness to international acclaim as a community leader.

READ MORE IN THE ATLAS: https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/fendika-azmari-bet

We always want to hear from you! If you have a question or story for us, give us a call at 315-992-7902 and leave a message, or send an email to hello@atlasobscura.com

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In May 1991, the brutal Ethiopian dictator, Colonel Mengistu and his military regime were on the verge of collapse after years of civil war. The end came when a Tigrayan-led rebel movement advanced on the capital Addis Ababa and took power. We get a first-hand account from an American diplomat and hear how the events of 1991 contributed to the current crisis in Ethiopia. Plus, the controversy in France over banning headscarves and other religious symbols from schools, the Nazis' terrifying V1 bombing campaign in World War Two and the story of the Haitian slave leader, Toussaint Louverture.

Photo: EPRDF rebels in Addis Ababa, 28 May, 1991 (BBC)

In this episode of Hold Your Fire!, Richard speaks with Crisis Group Africa director Murithi Mutiga about rising Ethiopia–Eritrea tensions and the growing risk of another war in the Horn of Africa. They discuss how political divisions in Tigray and Ethiopia’s push for Red Sea access are sharpening fault lines between Addis Ababa and Asmara. They examine how Gulf and Middle Eastern rivalries could shape any Ethiopia–Eritrea confrontation and increase the risk of wider regional conflagration, including the danger of spillover from Sudan’s war. They also explore how global political shifts are playing out in Africa, reactions to U.S. President Donald Trump’s “Board of Peace” and the prospects for coalitions of mid-sized Western and non-Western powers to act collectively. 

For more, check out our briefing, “Ethiopia, Eritrea and Tigray: A Powder Keg in the Horn of Africa”, and our Ethiopia-Eritrea page.

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En 1867 Napoléon III organise à Paris une Exposition universelle qui se transforme en spectacle exotique et attire 15 millions de visiteurs.

Plongez dans l’histoire des grands personnages et des évènements marquants qui ont façonné notre monde ! Avec enthousiasme et talent, Franck Ferrand vous révèle les coulisses de l’histoire avec un grand H, entre mystères, secrets et épisodes méconnus : un cadeau pour les amoureux du passé, de la préhistoire à l’histoire contemporaine.

Hébergé par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Cette semaine, je vous propose une pause avec celui que l’on présentait il y a peu comme le français qui va sauver le monde. 

Originaire de Marseille, il choisit d’évoluer au sein du monde pharmaceutique après son diplôme en génie chimique de l'École Centrale de Paris. Passé par bioMérieux et le groupe américain Lilly, c’est en 2011 qu’il se lance dans la grande aventure de Moderna. Si les premiers temps sont compliqués, la Covid marquera un tournant colossal pour la biotech et le guidera jusqu’en Bourse mais aussi… à la Maison Blanche où il a promis un vaccin contre l’épidémie en quelques mois. Une promesse qu’il a tenue ! 

Le temps d’une pause, le géant des vaccins évoque son parcours, le futur de Moderna, sa vision de l’évolution des vaccins et remèdes, et nous parle de ses activités philanthropiques.  

POUR VOUS REMERCIER DE VOTRE FIDELITÉ !

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Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Bienvenue dans le dernier épisode de tech 45

Je suis Seb COUASNON, on se retrouve chaque semaine ! Laisse moi un petit avis et des d’étoiles sur ta plateforme d’écoute, ça rend ce podcast encore plus visible et permettra à d’autres de le découvrir. 

FlexAI s’installe dans le fauteuil de tech 45’ aujourd’hui. Cette startup aurait pu s’installer dans la Silicon Valley mais a choisi Paris, "cluster en intelligence artificielle" dixit son fondateur Dali.

Sa mission = réduire les coûts et la consommation énergétique qu’engendre cette déferlante IA.

Avec son associé Brijesh ils sont passés par des boites tech incroyables à commencer par Nvidia, on aborde aussi ici le futur de l’IA, quelles applications concrètes après ses milliards investis ? 

Merci de ta fidélité, si tu veux écouter quelqu’un en particulier, n’hésite pas à m’écrire sur LinkedIn ou X, je réponds tout le temps ! 

Hébergé par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Today Chris and Adam are down in City Hall to speak to the mayor of London, Sir Sadiq Khan.

He defended London against claims by critics like President Trump and Nigel Farage that the city in unsafe, and pointed to the falling murder rate as proof of a positive counter narrative.

Plus he welcomed Ofcom’s new investigation into X and said “we need proper guardrails” to protect people online. He also spoke Europe and supported closer alignment with the customs union, and said “we've got to look at the impact it will have on the U.S. Trade deal” when it comes to rejoining the customs union.

You can now listen to Newscast on a smart speaker. If you want to listen, just say "Ask BBC Sounds to play Newscast”. It works on most smart speakers.

You can join our Newscast online community here: https://bbc.in/newscastdiscord

Get in touch with Newscast by emailing newscast@bbc.co.uk or send us a WhatsApp on +44 0330 123 9480.

New episodes released every day. If you're in the UK, for more News and Current Affairs podcasts from the BBC, listen on BBC Sounds: https://bbc.in/4guXgXd Newscast brings you daily analysis of the latest political news stories from the BBC. The presenters were Adam Fleming and Chris Mason. It was made by Anna Harris with Shiler Mahmoudi. The social producers were Grace Braddock and Beth Pritchard. The technical producer was Philip Bull. The assistant editor is Chris Gray. The senior news editor is Sam Bonham.

This week we’re focusing on the NHS.

On the 3rd of July the UK’s Prime Minister, Kier Starmer finally announced the NHS’ 10 year plan. His Labour government laid out a vision for where the healthcare service should head over the next decade.

The announcement has been met with mixed responses. The plan has some good ideas - but a lack of vision combined with scarcity of detail leave many questions about how well its aims can be implemented.

In this podcast we're joined by 3 experts to dissect the details of this plan

• Jennifer Dixon is chief executive of the Health Foundation
• Katie Bramhall-Stainer is a working GP, and chairs the BMA’s General Practice committee.
• David Oliver is a consultant geriatrician, and a columnist for the BMJ

Reading list

News analysis: What is the NHS 10 year plan promising and how will it be delivered?

Editorial: Government’s 10 year plan for the NHS in England

David Oliver's column: The NHS 10 year plan—more a set of ambitions than a plan

Pharmaceutical giant AstraZeneca has paused a £200m investment in Britain and could move its primary listing to America. Can the UK maintain its status as a “life-science superpower”? Why autonomous air wings are the future of war in the sky. And how scientists in the Caribbean are restoring the barrier reef through “coral IVF”. 

Listen to what matters most, from global politics and business to science and technology—Subscribe to Economist Podcasts+

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Last year saw one of London’s lowest rates of homicides, with less than 100 fatalities. How is the city tackling crime, and how safe is London?

In this episode of The Standard, Tamara Kormornick is joined by the Director of The London Mayors Violent Crime Reduction Unit, to discuss the status of violent crime in London — and whether the city is as lawless as Donald Trump makes it out to be. 

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From its ancient Roman roots to the rise of a global empire, London has seen centuries of triumph, tragedy, and transformation. Wander through its foggy streets, royal palaces, and historic landmarks as we explore the fascinating (and sometimes surprising) past of England’s capital. Just relax and drift off to sleep with stories of kings, plagues, fires, and revolutions.

Narrated by: Simon Mattacks

Written by: Alexandra Turney

Includes Mentions of: Death, Illness, Plague, Popular Culture, War, Military History, Travel, Religious Traditions, Fire, Architecture, Subways, Slavery and Abolition, Colonialism, Working Class

About Sleepy History 

Explore history's most intriguing stories, people, places, events, and mysteries, delivered in a supremely calming atmosphere. If you struggle to fall asleep and you have a curious mind, Sleepy History is the perfect bedtime companion. Our stories will gently grasp your attention, pulling your mind away from any racing thoughts, making room for the soothing music and calming narration to guide you into a peaceful sleep. 

Want to enjoy Sleepy History ad-free? Start your 7-day free trial of Sleepy History Premium: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://sleepyhistory.supercast.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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Sleepy History is a production of Slumber Studios. To learn more, visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.slumberstudios.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.

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Ryan and Zongjun recorded this episode in Japan and shared their experiences buying matcha retail in Kyoto and Uji. They dive into product positioning, how information is communicated to consumers, and compare the flavor profile of the cheapest and most expensive matcha they could find.

How did Lord of the Rings director Peter Jackson become one of only four filmmakers worth a billion dollars, and one of just three billionaires from New Zealand? BBC business editor Simon Jack and journalist Zing Tsjeng find out how a childhood obsession with movies led to a booming film industry in Jackson’s homeland. From Bad Taste to King Kong and The Hobbit, he went from shooting home movies and directing low budget horror films to running a major special effects house and creating some of cinema's biggest hits. Simon and Zing look back at the life of a Wellywood legend, before deciding if they think he’s good, bad, or just another billionaire.

We’d love to hear your feedback. Email goodbadbillionaire@bbc.com or drop us a text or WhatsApp to +1 (917) 686-1176.

To find out more about the show and read our privacy notice, visit www.bbcworldservice.com/goodbadbillionaire

It’s been six years since a British prime minister met with Chinese leader Xi Jinping. Could Keir Starmer's encounter with the president at this week’s G20 lead to a thaw after years of frosty relations as the world prepares for a possible trade war when Donald Trump returns to the White House? 

The quiet quads of Oxford University might seem a world apart from the high diplomacy on the other side of the globe. But China’s influence in Britain’s universities is far from remote — not least for a former senior politician hoping to lead one of the most powerful centers of learning in the world.

Host Anne McElvoy talks to William Hague, the former British foreign secretary, who is front-runner to become the university’s next chancellor. Next week, tens of thousands of Oxford alumni and faculty members will decide who becomes the university's titular head, serving a full 10-year term.   

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Libor: a little known, or understood, mechanism by which banks set an interest rate average. It became headline news when, in the crucible of the financial crisis, the practitioners were accused of rigging the rate to inflate public perceptions of their banks' health. But was all as it seemed? And were the traders – men like Tom Hayes and Carlo Palombo – who carried the can for Libor rigging, really just scapegoats? In this joint podcast with A Long Time in Finance, Nicholas Mostyn and Helena Kennedy ask whether a miscarriage of justice was administered in the pursuit of retribution on a broken financial system.

Do send your own thoughts to us via lawanddisorderfeedback@gmail.com!

Law and Disorder is a Podot podcast.

Executive Producer and Editor: Nick Hilton.

Associate Producer: Ewan Cameron.

Music by Richard Strauss, arranged and performed by Anthony Willis & Brett Bailey.

PR by Sally Jones.

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We take a look at three developments in the UK capital that will be worth a visit in the months to come. From a revitalised piece of industrial history to a colourful waterside park in a grey business district and the big tenants pitching up beside Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park.

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A group of men known as the ‘Cairo 52’ were arrested in Egypt in May 2001. They were on board the Queen Boat, a floating gay nightclub on the River Nile.

Omer, not his real name, was arrested and imprisoned for habitual debauchery.

There is no explicit law against homosexuality in Egypt and Omer was released early following the orders of US president at the time, George W Bush.

Omer speaks to Dan Hardoon about the arrest and its aftermath – in graphic detail.

This programme has been updated with the correct trial date.

Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic’ and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy’s Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they’ve had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America’s occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.

(Photo: Some of the 'Cairo 52', dressed in white with their faces covered, being escorted by security into a court in Cairo. Credit: Marwan Naamani/Getty Images)

In episode six of our series exploring the great historical cities of Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas, travel writer Paul Bloomfield is joined by Professor Doris Behrens-Abouseif as they journey through the diverse historic quarters of Cairo. Together, they explore its roots in ancient cities planted on the Nile over thousands of years, and look at how various occupations and successive Islamic sultanates and caliphates shaped what's now the Egyptian capital. They also meet some of the figures who played pivotal roles in the development of the modern city, and discover less known places to visit for insights into its heritage.

History's greatest cities is produced by the team behind BBC History Magazine.

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Kendall Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts, has been called “the most innovative square mile on the planet.” It's a life science hub, hosting Biogen, Moderna, Pfizer, Takeda, and others. It's a major tech center, with Google, Microsoft, IBM, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple all occupying big chunks of pricey office space. Kendall Square also boasts a dense concentration of startups, with leading venture capital firms conveniently located nearby. And of course, MIT is just down the block. In Where Futures Converge: Kendall Square and the Making of a Global Innovation Hub (MIT Press, 2022), Robert Buderi offers the first detailed account of the unique ecosystem that is Kendall Square, chronicling the endless cycles of change and reinvention that have driven its evolution.

Buderi, who himself has worked in Kendall Square for the past twenty years, tells fascinating stories of great innovators and their innovations that stretch back two centuries. Before biotech and artificial intelligence, there was railroad car innovation, the first long-distance telephone call, the Polaroid camera, MIT's once secret, now famous Radiation Laboratory, and much more. Buderi takes readers on a walking tour of the square and talks to dozens of innovators, entrepreneurs, urban planners, historians, and others. He considers Kendall Square's limitations—it's “gentrification gone rogue,” by one description, with little affordable housing, no pharmacy, and a scarce middle class—and its strengths: the “human collisions” that spur innovation.

What's next for Kendall Square? Buderi speculates about the next big innovative enterprises and outlines lessons for aspiring innovation districts. More important, he asks how Kendall Square can be both an innovation hub and a diversity, equity, and inclusion hub. There's a lot of work still to do.

Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland.

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Kendall Square is considered by many to be the world's most innovative square kilometer. Places like MIT, NASA, Google and Biogen among many others have called the square home.

In this episode, we're going deep on Cambridge's nerdiest neighborhood, tracing its history from industrial mecca to biotech playground. Scott Kirsner, longtime Boston Globe tech columnist and co-founder of The Innovation Trail, explains the role of MIT in the area's growth, shoots down some JKF-centric conspiracy mongering, and muses on the future of this riverside boomtown (hint: it might depends on how this whole A.I. thing goes). 

Send us a text

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When I think of digital biology, I think of Patrick Hsu—he’s the prototype, a rarified talent in both life and computer science, who recently led the team that discovered bridge RNAs, what may be considered CRISPR 3.0 for genome editing, and is building new generative A.I. models for life science. You might call them LLLMs-large language of life models. He is Co-Founder and a Core Investigator of the Arc Institute and Assistant Professor of Bioengineering and Deb Faculty Fellow at the University of California, Berkeley.

Above is a brief snippet of our conversation. Full videos of all Ground Truths podcasts can be seen on YouTube here. The audios are also available on Apple and Spotify.

Here’s the transcript with links to the audio and external links to relevant papers and things we discussed.

Eric Topol (00:06):

Well hello, it's Eric Topol with Ground Truths and I'm really delighted to have with me today Patrick Hsu. Patrick is a co-founder and core investigator at the Arc Institute and he is also on the faculty at the University of California Berkeley. And he has been lighting things up in the world of genome editing and AI and we have a lot to talk about. So welcome, Patrick.

Patrick Hsu (00:29):

Thanks so much. I'm looking forward to it. Appreciate you having me on, Eric.

The Arc Institute

Eric Topol (00:33):

Well, the first thing I'd like to get into, because you're into so many important things, but one that stands out of course is this Arc Institute with Patrick Collison who I guess if you can tell us a bit about how you two young guys got to meet and developed something that's really quite unique that I think brings together investigators at Stanford, UCSF, and Berkeley. Is that right? So maybe you can give us the skinny about you and Patrick and how all this got going.

Patrick Hsu (01:05):

Yeah, sure. That sounds great. So we started Arc with Patrick C and with Silvana Konermann, a longtime colleague and chemistry faculty at Stanford about three years ago now, though we've been physically operational just over two years and we're an independent research institute working at the interface of biomedical science and machine learning. And we have a few different aspects of our model, but our overall mission is to understand and treat complex human diseases. And we have three pillars to our model. We have this PI driven side of the house where we centrally fund our investigators so that they don't have to write grants and work on their very best ideas. We have a technical staff side of the house more like you'd see in a frontier AI lab or in biotech industry where we have professional teams of R&D scientists working cross-functionally on higher level organizational wide goals that we call our institute initiatives.

(02:05):

One focused on Alzheimer's disease experimentally and one that we call a virtual cell initiative to simulate human biology with AI foundation models. And our third pillar over time is to have things not just end up as academic papers, but really get things out into the real world as products or as medicines that can actually help patients on the translational side. And so, we thought that some really important scientific programs could be unlocked by enabling new organizational models and we are experimenting at the institutional scale with how we can better organize and incentivize and support scientists to reach these long-term capability breakthroughs.

Patrick, Patrick and Silvana

Eric Topol (02:52):

So the two Patrick’s. How did you, one Patrick I guess is a multi-billionaire from Stripe and then there's you who I suspect maybe not quite as wealthy as the other Patrick, how did you guys come together to do this extraordinary thing?

Patrick Hsu (03:08):

Yeah, no, science is certainly expensive. I met Patrick originally through Silvana actually. They actually met, so funny trivia, all three Arc founders did high school science together. Patrick and Silvana originally met in the European version of the European Young Scientist competition in high school. And Silvana and I met during our PhDs in her case at MIT and I was at Harvard, but we met at the Broad Institute sort of also a collaborative Harvard, MIT and Harvard hospitals Institute based in Kendall Square. And so, we sort of in various pairwise combinations known each other for decades and worked together for decades and have all collectively been really excited about science and technology and its potential to accelerate societal progress. Yet we also felt in our own ways that despite a lot of the tremendous progress, the structures in which we do this work, fund it, incentivize it and roll it out into the real world, seems like it's really possible that we'll undershoot that potential. And if you take 15 years ago, we didn't have the modern transformer that launched the current AI revolution, CRISPR technology, single-cell, mRNA technology or broadly addressable LNPs. That’s a tremendous amount of technologies have developed in the next 15 years. We think there's a real unique opportunity for new institutes in the 2020s to take advantage of all of these breakthroughs and the new ones that are coming to continue to accelerate biological progress but do so in a way that's fast and flexible and really focused.

Eric Topol (04:58):

Yeah, I did want to talk with you a bit. First of all before I get to the next related topic, I get a kick out of you saying you've worked or known each other for decades because I think you're only in your early thirties. Is that right?

Patrick Hsu (05:14):

I was lucky to get an early start. I first started doing research at the local university when I was 14 actually, and I was homeschooled actually until college. And so, one of the funny things that you got to do when you're homeschooled is well, you could do whatever you want. And in my case that was work in the lab. And so, I actually worked basically full time as an intern volunteer, cut my teeth in single cell patch clamp, molecular biology, protein biochemistry, two photon and focal imaging and kind of spiraled from there. I loved the lab, I loved doing bench work. It was much more exciting to me than programming computers, which was what I was doing at the time. And I think these sort of two loves have kind of brought me and us to where we are today.

Eric Topol (06:07):

Before you got to Berkeley and Arc, I know you were at Broad Institute, but did you also pick up formal training in computer science and AI or is that something that was just part of the flow?

Patrick Hsu (06:24):

So I grew up coding. I used to work through problems sets before dinner growing up. And so, it's just something that you kind of learn natively just like learning French or Mandarin.

New Models of Funding Life Science

Eric Topol (06:42):

That's what I figured. Okay. Now this model of Arc Institute came along in a kind of similar timeframe as the Arena BioWorks in Boston, where some of the faculty left to go to Arena like my friend Stuart Schreiber and many others. And then of course Priscilla and Mark formed the Chan Zuckerberg Institute and its biohub and its support. So can you contrast for one, these three different models because they’re both very different than of course the traditional NIH pathway, how Arc is similar or different to the others, and obviously the goal here is accelerating things that are going to really make a difference.

Patrick Hsu (07:26):

Yeah, the first thing I would say is zooming out. There have been lots of efforts to experiment with how we do science, the practice of science itself. And in fact, I've recently been reading this book, the Demon Under the Microscope about the history of infectious disease, and it talks about how in the 1910s through the 1930s, these German industrial dye manufacturing companies like Bayer and BASF actually launched what became essentially an early model for industrial scale science, where they were trying to develop Prontosil, Salvarsan and some of these early anti-infectives that targeted streptococcus. And these were some of the major breakthroughs that led to huge medical advances on tackling infectious disease compared to the more academic university bound model. So these trends of industrial versus academic labs and different structures to optimize breakthroughs and applications has been a through current throughout international science for the last century.

(08:38):

And so, the way that we do research today, and that's some of our core tenets at Arc is basically it hasn't always been this way. It doesn't need to necessarily be this way. And so, I think organizational experiments should really matter. And so, there's CZI, Altos, Arena, Calico, a variety of other organizational experiments and similarly we had MRC and Bell Labs and Xerox PARCS, NIBRT, GNF, Google Research, and so on. And so, I think there are lots of different ways that you can organize folks. I think at a high level you can think about ways that you can play with for-profit versus nonprofit structures. Whether you want to be a completely independent organization or if you want to be partnered with universities. If you want to be doing application driven science or really blue sky curiosity driven work. And I think also thinking through internally the types of expertise that you bring together.

(09:42):

You can think of it like a cancer institute maybe as a very vertically integrated model. You have folks working on all kinds of different areas surrounding oncology or immunotherapy and you might call that the Tower of Babel model. The other way that folks have built institutes, you might call the lily pad model where you have coverage of as many areas of biomedical research as possible. Places like the Whitehead or Salk, it will be very broad. You'll have planned epigenetics, folks looking at RNA structural biology, people studying yeast cell cycle, folks doing in vivo melanoma models. It's very broad and I think what we try to do at Arc is think about a model that you might liken more to overlapping Viking shields where there's sort of five core areas that we're deeply investing in, in genetics and genomics, computation, neuroscience, immunology and chemical biology. Now we really think of these as five areas that are maybe the minimal critical mass that you would need to make a dent on something as complicated as complex human diseases. It's certainly not the only thing that you need, but we needed a critical mass of investigators working at least in these areas.

Eric Topol (11:05):

Well, yeah, and they really converge on where the hottest advances are being made these days. Now can you work at Arc Institute without being one of these three universities or is it really that you maintain your faculty and your part of this other entity?

Patrick Hsu (11:24):

So we have a few elements to even just the academic side of the house. We have our core investigators. I'm one of them, where we have dually appointed faculty who retain their latter rank or tenured appointment in their home department, but their labs are physically cited at the Arc headquarters where we built out a lab in Stanford Research Park in Palo Alto. And so, folks move their labs there. They continue to train graduate students based on whatever graduate programs they're formally affiliated with through their university affiliation. And so, we have nearly 40 PhD students across our labs that are training on site every day.

(12:03):

So in addition to our core investigators, we also have what we call our innovation investigators, which is more of a grant program to faculty at our partner universities. They receive unrestricted funding from us to seed a new project or accelerate an existing area in their group and their labs stay at their home campus and they just get that funding to augment their work. The third way is our technical staff model where folks basically just come work at Arc and many of them also are establishing their own research groups focusing on technology R&D areas. And so, we have five of those technology centers working in molecular engineering, multi-omics, complex cellular models, in vivo models, and in machine learning.

Discovery of Bridge RNAs

Eric Topol (12:54):

Yeah, that's a great structure. In fact, just a few months ago, Patrick Collison, the other Patrick came to Stanford HAI where I'm on the board and you've summarized it really well and it's very different than the other models and other entities, companies included that you mentioned. It's really very impressive. Now speaking of impressive on June 26, this past few months ago, which incidentally is coincident with the draft genome in the year 2000, the human sequence. You and your colleagues, perhaps the most impressive jump in terms of an Arc Institute contribution published two papers back-to-back in Nature about bridge RNA: [Bridge RNAs direct programmable recombination of target and donor DNA] and [Structural mechanism of bridge RNA-guided recombination.] And before I get you to describe this breakthrough in genome editing, some would call it genome editing 3.0 or CRISPR 3.0, whatever. But what we have today in the clinic with the approval of CRISPR 1.0 for sickle cell and thalassemia is actually quite crude. I think most people will know it's just a double stranded DNA cleavage with all sorts of issues about repair and it's not very precise. And so, CRISPR 2.0 is supposed to be represented by David Liu's contributions and his efforts at Broad like prime and base editing and then comes yours. So maybe you can tell us about it and how it is has to be viewed as quite an important advance.

Patrick Hsu (14:39):

The first thing I would say before CRISPR, is that we had RNA interference. And so, even before this modern genome editing revolution with programmable CRISPRs, we had this technology that had a lot of the core selling points as well. Any target will now become druggable to us. We simply need to reprogram a guide RNA and we can get genetic access to things that are intracellular. And I think both the discovery of RNA interference by Craig Mello and Andy Fire or the invention or discovery of programmable CRISPR technologies, both depend on the same fundamental biological mechanism. These non-coding guide RNAs that are essentially a short RNA search string that you can easily reprogram to retarget a desired enzyme function, and natively both RNAi and CRISPR are molecular scissors. Their RNA or DNA nucleases that can be reprogrammed to different regions of the genome or the transcriptome to make a cut.

(15:48):

And as bioengineers, we have come up with all kinds of creative ways to leverage the ability to make site specific cuts to do all kinds of incredible things including genome editing or beyond transcriptional up or down regulation, molecular imaging and so on and so forth. And so, the first thing that we started thinking about in our lab was, why would mother nature have stopped only RNAi and CRISPR? There probably are lots of other non-coding RNAs out there that might be able to be programmable and if they did exist, they probably also do more complicated and interesting things than just guide a molecular scissors. So that was sort of the first core kind of intuition that we had. The second intuition that we had on the technology side, I was just wearing my biology hat, I’ll put on my technology hat, is the thing that we call genome editing today hardly involves the genome.

(16:50):

It's really you're making a cut to change an individual base or an individual gene or locus. So really you're doing small scale single locus editing, so you might call it gene level or locus level cuts. And what you really want to be able to do is do things at the genome scale at 100 kb, a megabase at the chromosome scale. And I think that's where I think the field will inevitably go if you follow the technology curves of longer and longer range gene sequencing, longer and longer range gene synthesis, and then longer and longer range gene editing. And so, what would that look like? And we started thinking, could there be essentially recombination technologies that allow you to do cut and paste in a single step. Now, the reason for that is the way that we do gene editing today involves a cut and then a multi-step process of cellular DNA repair that resolves the cut to make the exertion or the error prone deletion or the modification that ends up happening.

(17:59):

And so, it's very complicated and whether that's nucleases or base or prime editing, you're all generally limited to the small-scale single locus changes. However, there are natural mechanisms that have solved this cut and paste problem, right? There are these viruses or bacterial versions of viruses known as phage that have generally been trying to exert their multi kilobase genomes into bacterial hosts and specialize throughout billions of years. So our core thought was, well, if there are these new non-coding RNAs, what kind of functions would we be excited about? Can we look in these mobile genetic elements, these so-called jumping genes for new mechanisms? They're incredibly widespread. Transposons are thought to be some of the most diverse enzyme mechanisms found in nature. And so, we started computationally by asking ourselves a very simple question. If a mobile element inserts itself into foreign DNA and it's able to somehow be programmable, presumably the inside or something encoded in the inside of the element is predictive of some sequence on the outside of the element.

(19:15):

And so, that was the core insight we took, and we thought let's look across the boundaries of many different mobile genetic elements and we zoomed in on a particular sub family of these MGE known as insertion sequence (IS) elements which are the most autonomous minimal transposons. Normally transposons have all kinds of genes that they use to hitchhike around the genomic galaxy and endow the bacterial host with some fitness advantage like some ability to metabolize some copper and some host or some metal. And these IS elements have only the enzymes that they need to jump around. And if you identify the boundaries of these using modern computational methods, this is actually a really non-trivial problem. But if you solve that problem to figure out with nucleotide resolution where the element boundaries end and then you look for the open reading frame of the transposases enzyme inside of this element, you'll find that it's not just that coding sequence.

(20:19):

There are also these non-coding flanks inside of the element boundaries. And when we looked across the non-coding, the entire IS family tree, there are hundreds of these different types of elements. We found that this particular family IS110, had the longest non-coding ends of all IS elements. And we started doing experiments in the lab to try to figure out how these work. And what we found was that these elements are cut and paste elements, so they excise themselves into a circular form and paste themselves back in into a target site linearly. But the circularization of this element brings together two distal ends together, which brings together a -35 and a -10 box that create and reconstitute a canonical bacterial transcriptional promoter. This essentially is like plugging a plug into an electrical socket in the wall and it jacks up transcription. Now you would think this transcription would turn on the transposase enzyme so it can jump around more but it transcribes a non-coding RNA out of this non-coding end.

(21:30):

We're like, holy crap, are these RNAs actually involved in regulating the transposon? Now the boring answer would be, oh, it regulates the expression. It's like an antisense regulate or something. The exciting answer would be, oh, it's a new type of guide RNA and you found an RNA guided integrase. So we started zooming in bound dramatically on this and we undertook a covariation analysis where we were able to show that this cryptic non-coding RNA has a totally novel guide RNA structure, totally distinct from RNAi or CRISPR guide RNAs. And it had a target site that covaried with the target site of the element. And so we're like, oh wow, this could be a programmable transposase. The second thing that we found was even more surprising, there was a second region of complementarity in that same RNA that recognized the donor sequence, which is the circularized element itself. And so, this was the first example of a bispecific guide RNA, and also the first example of RNA guided self-recognition by a mobile genetic element.

Eric Topol (22:39):

It's pretty extraordinary because basically you did a systematic assessment of jumping genes or transposons and you found that they contain things that previously were not at all recognized. And then you have a way to program these to edit, change the genome without having to do any cuts or nicks, right?

Patrick Hsu (23:05):

Yeah. So what we showed in a test tube is when we took this, so-called bridge RNA, which we named because it bridges the target and donor together along with the recombinase enzyme. So the two component system, those are the only two things that you need. They're able to cut and paste DNA and recombine them in a test tube without any DNA repair, meaning that it's independent of cellular DNA repair and it does strand nicking, exchange, junction resolution and religation all in a single mechanism. So that's when we got super excited about its potential applications as bioengineering tool.

Eric Topol (23:46):

Yeah, it's pretty extraordinary. And have you already gone into in vivo assessment?

Patrick Hsu (23:54):

Yes, in our initial set of papers, what we showed is that these are programmable and functional or recombinases in a test tube and in bacterial cells. And by reprogramming the target and donor the right way, you can use these enzymes not just for insertion, but also for flipping and cutting out DNA. And so, we actually have in a single mechanism the ability to do bridge editing, if you will, for universal DNA recombination, insertion, excision or inversion, similar to what folks have been doing for decades with Cre recombinase, but with fully programmable recognition sequences. The work that we're doing now in the lab as you can imagine is to adapt these into robust tools for mammalian genome editing, including of course, human genomes. We're excited about this, we're making good progress. The CRISPR has had thousands of labs over the last 10, 15 years working on it to make these therapeutic level potency and selectivity. We're going to work and follow that same blueprint for getting bridge systems to get to that level of performance, but we're on the path and we're very optimistic for the future.

Exemplar of Digital Biology

Eric Topol (25:13):

Yeah, I think it's quite extraordinary and it's a whole different look to what we've been seeing in the CRISPR era for over the past decade and how that's been advancing and getting more specific and less need for repair and being able to be more versatile. But this takes it to yet another dimension. Now, this brings me to the field that when I think of this term digital biology, I think of you and now our mutual acquaintance, Jensen Huang, who everybody knows now. Back some months ago, he wrote and said at a conference, “Where do I think the next amazing revolution is going to come? And this is going to be flat out one of the biggest ones ever. There’s no question that digital biology is going to be it. For the first time in human history, biology has the opportunity to be engineering, not science.” So can you critique Jensen? Is he right? And tell us how you conceive the field of digital biology.

Patrick Hsu (26:20):

If you look at gene therapy today, the core concepts are actually remarkably simple. They're elegant. Of course, you're missing a broken gene, you need to put it back. And that can be curative. Very simple, powerful concept. However, for complex diseases where you don't have just a single gene that goes wrong, in many cases we actually have no idea what to do. And in fact, when you're trying to put in DNA, that's over more than a gene scale. We kind of very quickly run out of ideas. Is it a CAR and a cytokine, a CAR and a cytokine and another thing? And then we're kind of out of ideas. And so, we started thinking in the lab, how can we actually design genomes where it's not just let's reduce the genome into individual Lego blocks, iGem style with promoters and different genes that we just sort of shuffle the Lego blocks around, but actually use AI to design genome sequences.

(27:29):

So to do that, we thought we would have to first of all, train a model that can learn and decode the foreign language of biology and use that in order to design sequences. And so, we sort of have been training DNA foundation models and virtual cell models at Arc, sort of a major effort of ours where the first thing that we tried was to take a variance of transformer architecture that's used to train ChatGPT from OpenAI, but instead apply this to study the next DNA token, right? Now, the interesting thing about next token prediction in English is that you can actually learn a surprising amount of information by just predicting the next word. You can learn world knowledge is the capital of Azerbaijan, is it Baku or is it London, right? Or if you're walking around in the kitchen, then the next text is, I then left the kitchen or the bathroom, right?

(28:33):

Now you're learning about spatial reasoning, and so you can also learn translation obviously. And so similarly, I think predicting the next token or the next base and DNA can lead you to learn about molecular biochemistry, is the next amino acid residue, hydrophobic or hydrophilic. And it can teach you about the mechanics of some catalytic binding pocket or something. You can learn about a disease mutation. Is the next base, the sick linked base or the wild type base and so on and so forth. And what we found was that at massive scale, DNA foundation models learn about molecular function, not just at the DNA level, but also at the RNA and the protein. And indeed, we could use these to design molecular systems like CRISPR-Cas systems, where you have a protein and the guide RNA. It could also design new DNA transposons, and we could design sequences that look plausibly like real genomes, where we generate a megabase a million bases of continuous genome sequence. And it really looks and feels like it could be a blurry picture of something that you would actually sequence. This has been a wonderful collaboration with Brian Hie, a PI at Stanford and an Arc investigator, and we're really excited about what we've seen in this work because it promises the better performance with even more scale. And so, simply by scaling up these models, by adding in more compute, more training data or more powerful models, they're going to get sharper and sharper.

New A.I. Models in Life Science

Eric Topol (30:25):

Yeah. Well, this whole use of large language models for the language of life, whether it's the genome proteins and on and on, actually RNA and even cells has really taken root. And of course, this is really one of the foundations of that field of digital biology, which brings together generative AI, AI tools and trying to push forward our understanding in biology. And also, obviously what's been emphasized in drug discovery, perhaps it's been emphasized even too much because we still have a lot to learn about biology, but that gets me to these models. Like today, AlphaProteo was announced by DeepMind, as we all know, AlphaFold 1, 2, now 3. They were kind of precursors of being able to predict proteins from amino acid 3D structure. And that kind of took the field by a little bit like ChatGPT for life science, but now it's a new model all the time. So you've been working on various models and Arc Institute, how do you see this unfolding? Are we just going to have every aspect of the language of life being approached in all the different interactions? And this is going to help us get to a much more deep level of understanding.

Patrick Hsu (31:56):

I'll say two things. The first is a lot of models that you just described are what I would call task specific models. A model for de novo design of a binder, a model for protein structure prediction. And there are other models for protein fitness or for RNA structure prediction, et cetera, et cetera. And I think what we're going to move towards are more unifying models where there's different classes of models at different levels of scale. So we will have these atomic level models for looking at generative chemistry or ligand docking. We have models that can unify genomes and their molecules, and then we have models that can unify cells and tissues. And so, for example, if you took an H&E stain of some liver, there are folks building models where you can then predict what the single cell spatial transcriptome will look like of that model. And that's obviously operating at a very different level of abstraction than a de novo protein binder. But in the long run, all of these are going to get, I think unified. I think the reason why this is possible is that biology, unlike physics, actually has this unifying theory of evolution that runs across all of its length scales from atomic, molecular, cellular, organismal to entire ecosystem. And the promise of these models is no short then to make biology a predictive discipline.

Patrick Hsu (33:37):

In physics, the experimentalists win the big prizes for the theorists when they measure gravitational waves or whatever. But in biology, we're very practical people. You do something three times and do a T-test. And I think my prediction is we can actually gauge the success of these LLMs or whatever in biology by how much we respect theory in this field.

The A.I. Scientist

Eric Topol (34:05):

Yeah. Well, that's a really interesting perspective, an important perspective because the proliferation of models, which we're going to get into not just doing the things that you described, but also being able to be “pseudo” scientists, the so-called AI scientist. Maybe you could comment about that concept because that's been the idea that everything from the question that could be asked to the hypothesis and the experiment design and the analysis of data and then the feedback. So what is the role of the scientists, that seems to have been overplayed? And maybe you can put that in context.

Patrick Hsu (34:48):

So yeah, right now there's a lot of excitement that we can use AI agents not just to do software enterprise workflows, but to be a research assistant. And then over time, itself an autonomous research scientist that can read the literature, come up with an idea, maybe run a bunch of robots in the lab or do a bunch of computational analyses and then potentially even analyze data, conclude what is going on and actually write an entire paper. Now, I think the vision of this is compelling in the long term. I think the question is really about timescale. If you break down the scientific method into its constituent parts, like hypothesis generation, doing an experiment, analyzing experiment and iterating, we're clearly going to use AI of some kind at every single step of this cycle. I think different steps will require different levels of maturity. The way that I would liken this is just wet lab automation, folks have dreamed about having pipetting robots that just do their western blots and do their cell culture for them for generations.

(36:01):

But of course, today they don't actually really feel fundamentally different from the same ones that we had in the 90s, let's say. Right? And so, obviously they're getting better, but it seems to me one of the trends I'm very bullish about is the explosion of humanoid robots and robot foundation models that have a world model and a sense of physics and proportionate space loaded onto them. Within five years, we're going to have home robots that can fold your clothes, that can organize your kitchen and do all of this while you're sleeping, so you wake up to a clean home every day.

Eric Topol (36:40):

It’s not going to be just Roomba anymore. There's going to be a lot more, but it isn't just the hardware, it's also the agents playing in software, right?

Patrick Hsu (36:50):

It's the integrated loop of the hardware and the software where the ability to make the same machine generally intelligent will make it adaptable to a broad array of tasks. Now, what I'm excited about is those generally intelligent humanoid robots coming into the lab, where instead of creating a centrifuge or a new type of pipetter that's optimized for your Beckman or Hamilton device, instead you just have robot arms that you snap onto the edge of the bench and then they just work alongside you. And I do think that's coming, although it'll take a lot of hardware and software and computer vision engineering to make that possible.

A Sense of Humor

Eric Topol (37:32):

Yeah, and I think also going back to originating the question, there still is quite a debate about the creativity and the lack of any simulation of AGI, whatever that means anymore. And so, the human in the loop part of this is obviously I think it's still of critical nature. Now, the other thing I learned about you is you have a great sense of humor, which is really important by the way. And recently, which is great that you're active on X or Twitter because that's one way we get to see what you're thinking on a day-to-day basis. But I think you put out a poll which was really quite provocative , and it was about, here's what it said, “do more people in the world *truly* understand transformers or health insurance?” And interestingly, you got 49% for transformers at 51% for health insurance. Can you tell us what you're thinking when you put that poll together? Because obviously a lot of people don't understand either of these.

Patrick Hsu (38:44):

I think the core question is, there are different ways of looking at the world, some of which are very bottom up and some of which are very top down. And one of the very surprising things about transformers is they're taking something that is in principle, an incredibly simple task, which is if you have a string of text, what is the next letter? And somehow at massive, massive scale, you can unlock something that looks an awful lot like reasoning, and you've got these emergent behaviors. Now the bottoms up theory of just the linear algebra that's going on in these models couldn't possibly really help us predict that we have these emerging capabilities. And I think similarly in healthcare, there's a literal set of parts that are operating in some complex way that at massive scale becomes this incredibly confusing and dynamic system for how we can actually incentivize how we make medicines, how we actually take care of people, and how we actually pay for any of this from an economic point of view. And so, I think it was, in some sense if transformers can actually be an explainable by just linear algebra equations, maybe there will be a way to decompose the seemingly incredibly confusing world of healthcare in order to actually build a better way forward.

Computing Power and the GPU Arms Race

Eric Topol (40:12):

Yeah. Well that's great. Now the other thing I wanted to ask you about, we open source and the arms race of GPUs and this whole kind of idea is you touched on the need for coalescing a lot of these tools to exploit the synergy. But we have an issue because many academic labs like here at Scripps Research and so many others, including as I learned even at Stanford, have limited access to GPUs. So computing power of large language models is a problem. And then the models that exist today that can be adopted like Llama or others, and they're somewhat limited. And then we also have a movement towards trying to make things more open source, like for example, recently OpenCRISPR with Profluent Bio that is basically trying to use AI for CRISPR guides. And so, how do you deal with this arms race, computing power, open source, proprietary models that are not easily accessible without a lot of resources?

Patrick Hsu (41:30):

So the first thing I would say is, we are in the academic science sphere really unprepared for the level of resources that are required for doing this type of cutting edge computational work. There are top Stanford computer science professors or computational researchers who have a single GPU in their office, and that's actually what their whole lab runs off of.

(41:58):

The UC Berkeley campus, the grid runs on something like 12 megawatts of power and how are they going to build an on-premises GPU clusters, like a central question that can scale across the entire needs? And these are two of the top computer science universities in the world. And so, I think one of our kind of core beliefs at Arc is, as science both experimentally and computationally has gotten incredibly complex, not just in terms of conceptually, but also just the actual infrastructure and machines and know-how that you need to do things. We actually need to essentially support this. So we have a private GPU cloud that we use to train our models, and we have access to significantly large clusters for large burst kind of train outs as necessary. And I think infrastructurally for running genomics experiments or doing scalable brain organoid screens, right, we're also building out the infrastructure to support that experimentally.

Eric Topol (43:01):

Yeah, no, I think this is one of the advantages of the new model like the Arc Institute because not many centers have that type of plasticity with access to computing power when needed. So that's where a brilliant mind you and the Arc Institute together makes for a formidable recipe for future advances and of course building on the ones you've already accomplished.

The Primacy of Human Talent

Patrick Hsu (43:35):

I would just say, my main skill, if I have one, is to recruit really, really smart people. And so, everything that you're seeing and hearing about is the work of unbelievable colleagues who are curious, passionate, and incredible scientists.

Eric Topol (43:53):

But it also takes the person who can judge those who are in that category set as a role model. And you're certainly doing that. I guess just in closing, I mean, it's just such a delight to get to meet you here and kind of get your thoughts on what is the hottest thing in life science without question, which brings together the fields of AI and what's going on, not just obviously in genome editing, but this digital biology era that we're still in the early phases of, I mean, I think you could say that it's just going to continue to accelerate the exponential curve. We're still kind of on the bottom of that, I would imagine where we're headed. Any other things that you want to bring up that I haven't touched on that will round out this conversation?

Patrick Hsu (44:50):

I mean, I think it's very early days here at Arc.

Patrick Hsu (44:53):

When we founded Arc, we asked ourselves, how do we measure success? We don't have customers or revenue in the way that a typical startup does. And we felt sort of three things. The first was research institutes live and die by their talent. Can we actually hire incredible people when we make offers to people we want to come, do they come? The second was, when those folks do come to Arc, do they feel like they're able to work on important research programs that they couldn't do sort of at their prior university or company? And then longer term, the third thing was, and there's just no shortcut around this, you need to do important work. And I think we've been really excited that there are early signs that we're able to do all three of these things, and we're still, again, just following the same scaling laws that we're seeing in natural language and vision, but for the domain of biology. And so, we're excited about what's ahead and think if there are folks who are interested in learning more about Arc, just shoot me an email or DM.

Eric Topol (46:07):

Yeah, well I would just say, congratulations on what you've already achieved. I know you're going to keep rocking it because you already have in a short time. And for anybody who doesn't know about Arc Institute and your work and your team, I hope this is going to be putting them on notice actually what can be accomplished outside of the usual NIH funded model, which is kind of a risk-free zone where you basically have to have your results nailed down before you send in your proposal frequently, and it doesn't do great things for young people. Really, I think you actually qualify in that demographic where it's hard for them to break in for getting NIH grants and also for this type of work that you're doing. So we'll look for the next bridge beyond bridge RNAs of your just fantastic efforts. So Patrick, thanks so much for joining us today, and we'll be checking back with you and following all the great work that you'll be doing in the times ahead.

Patrick Hsu (47:14):

Thanks so much, Eric. It was such a pleasure to be here today. Appreciate the opportunity.

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Locals are fighting to reclaim their city from tourism in a mass demonstration in Barcelona on July 6. The tourism boom has impacted local life, housing, and culture, pushing the city to the brink. 

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The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the late 18th century, giving birth to an era that has changed world history. The period was characterised by rapid economic, social and technological growth. Marked by innovation and inventions like the steam engine, spinning jenny and telephone, industrialisation also saw a rise in urbanisation, the factory system, poverty and the exploitation of a new urban working class. This in turn led to social and political movements such as communism. 

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Since Russia invaded Ukraine earlier this year, there has been a renewed interest in the wealth and influence of Russian oligarchs in the U.K. Moscow’s elites have bought mansions in London’s ultra-exclusive neighborhoods and send their children to British private schools. But Russians are not the only ones taking advantage of Britain’s willingness to turn a blind eye to overseas corruption. Investigative journalist Oliver Bullough is the author of “Butler to the World: How Britain Became the Servant of Tycoons, Tax Dodgers, Kleptocrats and Criminals.” In this podcast, he talks to New Lines Magazine's Faisal Al Yafai about how London has grown into the world’s kleptocracy capital — by providing the world’s wealthiest not only a place to hide their stolen money but also to spend it with no questions asked. Produced by Joshua Martin & Christine El Kholy

Britain’s capital is packed with foreign capital, in particular the Russian kind. We ask what it is about London that attracts—and protects—the oligarchs. We check in again with Lusya Shtein of the anti-Putin punk-rock group Pussy Riot about her daring escape from Russia. And amid celebrations of Queen Elizabeth II’s 70-year tenure, we reflect on royal jubilees through history.

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Earlier this month, Cost to Company received a striking message from a Ken subscriber called Uzma Rushdi. She wrote, “Mumbai is suffering from a lack of new talent inflow. Unless there are dramatic changes it will be Calcutta in 20 years :(”

Around the same time another thing happened. A group of 35 startups in Mumbai created something called TEAM (Technology  Entrepreneurs Association of Mumbai), with the the pointed goal to reinvigorate Brand Mumbai. 

But what happened to Brand Mumbai that it needs reinvigorating?

This then became our hypothesis for this episode of Cost to Company. Is Mumbai dying? Is it going to become Calcutta in the next twenty years? Is it going to be a city that the most talented professionals leave for better opportunities? And is the TEAM one effort to stop that from happening?

I’m Sneha, your host, and this week we are going to interview four, true lovers of Bombay, founders, CEOs, one product manager, and Uzma, and ask them where is their city of dreams, where is their maximum city, headed now?

Debashree Mukherjee talks about the pioneering film studio founded in 1934 in the city of Bombay (now Mumbai) by Himansu Rai and Devika Rani. Its cast and crew of diverse global origins and training, offer new ways of writing the history of labor in Indian Cinema. In the accompanying B-Side episode, she focuses on her new book Bombay Talkies: An Unseen History of Indian Cinema, which features rare behind-the-scenes photographs from the personal archive of cinematographer Josef Wirsching. Wirsching brought the influence of German Expressionism to Indian cinema, and was responsible for the cinematic stylings of groundbreaking films like Achhyut Kanya (1936), Mahal (1949), and Pakeezah (1972).

Debashree Mukherjee is Associate Professor of film and media in the Department of Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies (MESAAS) at Columbia University. Her first book, Bombay Hustle: Making Movies in a Colonial City (2020), approaches film history as an ecology of material practices and practitioners. Her second book project, Camera Obscura: Media at the Dawn of Planetary Extraction, develops a media history of oceanic migrations and plantation capitalism. Debashree edits the peer-reviewed journal BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies and in a previous life she worked in Mumbai’s film and TV industries as an assistant director, writer, and cameraperson.

Image: Sourced from Bombay Talkies: An Unseen History of Indian Cinema with permission.

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Who are the Indian Muslims? Are they a monolithic community practising a faith alien to India? Or are they a diverse people, geographically rooted in the cultural ethos of the land? Is there an 'Indian Islam'? In this episode of BIC Talks, author Ghazala Wahab in a conversation with historian Rajmohan Gandhi takes a clear-eyed look at every aspect of Islam in India today.

Weaving together personal memoir, history, reportage, scholarship, and interviews with a wide variety of people, Ghazala's book Born a Muslim highlights how an apathetic and sometimes hostile government attitude and prejudice at all levels of society have contributed to Muslim vulnerability and insecurity.

This conversation is an extract from a BIC Streams event.

How did one disastrous field trip turn a history teacher's life upside down?

In this episode, Michelle speaks with Anjum Hasan, author of 'History's Angel'- a riveting novel that explores life as a religious minority in modern India. When an easygoing history teacher is provoked by a student into losing his temper, he finds his life thrown into chaos as he battles with what it means to be a Muslim in present times. 

Anjum recalls stories from her childhood and growing up Muslim, and talks about why Delhi is the perfect setting for her story, with a rich past that is unraveled through her protagonist’s eyes.

Tune in for an unforgettable revisit into history!

Books and authors mentioned in this episode:

The Discovery of India - Jawaharlal Nehru
An Intimate Portrait of a Great Mughal - Parvati Sharma
Akbar of Hindustan - Parvati Sharma

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‘Books and Beyond with Bound’ is the podcast where Tara Khandelwal and Michelle D’costa uncover how their books reflect the realities of our lives and society today. Find out what drives India’s finest authors: from personal experiences to jugaad research methods, insecurities to publishing journeys. Created by Bound, a storytelling company that helps you grow through stories. Follow us @boundindia on all social media platforms. 

At the end of the 1700s, Tipu Sultan was the leader of the Kingdom of Mysore, facing off against the encroaching invasion of the British East India Trading Company. Today, Tipu's legacy is complicated and still confused with propaganda and mythology. Was he a crusading hero, or a religious bigot?

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Every Tuesday for the next seven weeks, we'll be dropping an extra episode from a new ABC podcast into the If You're Listening feed. Looking for Modi, hosted by the ABC's South Asia correspondent Avani Dias, examines the life and political career of Indian prime minister Narendra Modi. It's a fascinating show that we think you might enjoy. Matt will be back with another episode on Thursday.

Narendra Modi's rise from poverty-stricken childhood has been a major appeal throughout his political career. He tells ordinary Indians that he is just like them, and that his life is proof of India's egalitarian democracy. But in truth, some of the central elements of his own biography are disputed. What do we really know about his origin story, and how did his time spent with a volunteer right wing organisation many view as a paramilitary group influence his politics?

Brought to you by the Founders Unfiltered podcast by A Junior VC - Unscripted conversations with Indian founders about their story and the process of building a company. Hosted by Aviral and Mazin. Join us as we talk to Yamini Bhat, the Co-founder & CEO of Vymo about their story. In 2004, Yamini completed her Bachelor's degree in Computer Science from BITS Pilani, followed by her MBA from IIM Bangalore in 2007. She gained internship experience at Goldman Sachs, the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, and INSEAD before joining McKinsey & Company as an engagement manager. In May 2013, she co-founded Vymo. 🏢 About Vymo: Vymo is a sales engagement platform designed for financial institutions, prioritizing mobile accessibility and offering solutions for over 18 industry-specific challenges. Its unique focus lies in addressing real issues faced by banks, insurance, and financial services.

Ryan Thejaksukmana lives on the island of Lombok, which is filled with amazing local seafood mostly unknown to chefs in the big cities. Through his project 'Empak Locale'  he continued learning and explores the local seafood, by exploring the fish markets and talking to the local fishermen around the island.   

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Sety I (Part 2): The First Campaign of Victory. In 1302 BCE, the pharaoh Men-Ma'at-Ra Sety I led a military expedition to the east. He attacked the Bedouin ("Shasu") in Sinai. Then, he turned his sights on Canaan. The new King was an active warlord, aggressive and eager to fight. Thanks to records at Karnak and elsewhere, we can trace his assault...

• Date: c. 1302 BCE (March - June).
• Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com.
• Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast.
• Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments.
• Music: Ancient Lyric and Luke Chaos.
• Sources: The war reliefs of Sety I, at Karnak, via the University of Chicago Reliefs and Inscriptions at Karnak, Volume IV: The Battle Reliefs of King Sety I | Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures (uchicago.edu).
• Kenneth Kitchen's Ramesside Inscriptions volume 1. Hieroglyph versions at Internet Archive, English translations at Abercromby Press.
• Peter Brand, Ramesses II: Egypt's Ultimate Pharaoh, out now from Lockwood Press.

Select Bibliography:

W. F. Albright, ‘The Smaller Beth-Shan Stele of Sethos I (1309-1290 B. C.)’, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (1952), 24–32.

M. Artzy, ‘From Akko/Acco to Beit She’an/Beth Shan in the Late Bronze Age’, Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant 28 (2018), 85–98.

P. J. Brand, ‘The Monuments of Seti I and Their Historical Significance: Epigraphic, Historical and Art Historical Analysis’, Unpublished PhD. Thesis, University of Toronto (1998).

P. J. Brand, The Monuments of Seti I: Epigraphic, Historical and Art Historical Analysis (2000).

A. Dodson, Sethy I King of Egypt: His Life and Afterlife (Cairo, 2019).

H. El-Saady, ‘The Wars of Sety I at Karnak: A New Chronological Structure’, Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 19 (1992), 285–94.

R. O. Faulkner, ‘The Wars of Sethos I’, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 33 (1947), 34–9.

A. H. Gardiner, ‘The Ancient Military Road between Egypt and Palestine’, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 6 (1920), 99–116.

M. Healy, Qadesh 1300 BC: Clash of the Warrior Kings (1993).

K. A. Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions: Translated and Annotated: Translations, I (2017).

A. Mazar, ‘Four Thousand Years of History at Tel Beth-Shean: An Account of the Renewed Excavations’, The Biblical Archaeologist 60 (1997), 62–76.

E. F. Morris, The Architecture of Imperialism: Military Bases and the Evolution of Foreign Policy in Egypt’s New Kingdom (2005).

W. J. Murnane, The Road to Kadesh: A Historical Interpretation of the Battle Reliefs of King Sety I at Karnak (1985).

D. B. Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times (1992).

A. J. Spalinger, ‘The Northern Wars of Seti I: An Integrative Study’, Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 16 (1979), 29–47.

A. J. Spalinger, ‘The Army’, in T. Wilkinson (ed.), The Egyptian World (2007), 118–131.

A. J. Spalinger, War in Ancient Egypt: The New Kingdom (2005).

The Epigraphic Survey, Reliefs and Inscriptions at Karnak Volume 4: The Battle Reliefs of King Sety I (Chicago, 1986).

N. E. Wernick, ‘The Images of Fortifications in the Sety I Battle Reliefs: Comparing Art and Archaeology’, in J. Corbelli et al. (eds), Current Research in Egyptology 2009, Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Symposium, 10 (2011), 157–70.

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In this third of our five-episode series in partnership with the Department of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies at Brandeis University, we continue to explore the diverse interests of the NEJS Department by looking at a text from the beginnings of Christian monasticism in the Byzantine period. The Sayings of the Desert Fathers and Mothers is a collection of short stories and sayings from and about monks centered in Northern Egypt in the fourth century CE that were recorded in the fifth and sixth centuries.

Dr. Darlene Brooks Hedstrom, the Myra and Robert Kraft and Jacob Hiatt Associate Professor of Christian Studies, takes us through the ways in which the collection was developed, the influence it has had, and its intersections with various faith traditions.

Learn more at theatredybbuk.org/podcast.

Who were the initiators of the ascetic movement in the early Church? What were their motivations? Where did Christian asceticism come from and what preceded it? How did early monastics survive so much self-denial? What is the place of asceticism in the life of the church today?

Support us on Patreon:

Email us

Music by Richard Proulx and the Cathedral Singers from Sublime Chant. Copyright GIA Publications

Vy Le is the Co-founder and General Partner of Do Ventures, an early-stage venture capital firm that focuses on making investments in information technology companies in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. The fund is looking for pioneers with a desire to create disruptive products that can bring about outstanding values to society. 

Vy is an innovative serial entrepreneur with extensive experience in operations and keen insights into the Vietnam market. At 13, she founded TmSpeed Network, specialized in web development and hosting service. In 2010, Vy founded Chon.vn and served as CEO, developing the platform into one of the most popular online fashion shopping centers in Vietnam. In 2014, she exited Chon.vn to Vingroup, the largest private conglomerate in Vietnam. She then served as the CEO of Vingroup’s e-commerce subsidiary, Adayroi.com, and successfully scaled the company from scratch to reach a few hundred million USD in revenue. Throughout her career, she is known as an innovative leader with an outstanding ability to inspire employees and facilitate teamwork, creativity, and productivity.

Vy graduated as Valedictorian from Georgetown University (United States). She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Finance.

Key Takeaways

• 2 investment models(B2C & B2B) of Do Ventures
• Qualities of a great startup team and red flags for Vy
• How DO ventures use a data-driven approach in tracking their portfolio companies’ progress and optimise their support
• Vy’s approach to advising startups and helping them overcome setbacks
• Tech trends that Vy is watching both in Vietnam and the rest of Southeast Asia
• Why she is excited to be part of Vietnam’s transformation into a major tech hub

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📍 About: 

Understanding VC is a podcast that provides founders with the knowledge and resources they need to understand venture capital. Our goal is to create the best and most comprehensive resource on venture capital on the internet, so that founders can make informed decisions about their businesses and secure the funding they need to succeed.

Why do some countries become rich while others stagnate? And can you predict which countries become wealthy in advance of them actually increasing their collective GDP? The answer may lie in the complexity of each nation's domestic economy. On this episode we speak with Ricardo Hausmann, a professor and director of the Growth Lab at Harvard University. He helps us understand what economic complexity is, how it's measured, and the process by which countries can move from being less complex to more complex over time.

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Send us a text

Ever wondered how a nation transforms from a war-torn past to a thriving economic powerhouse? 

Vietnam's transformation has been nothing short of astonishing, as it deftly navigated through technological advancements and strategic partnerships to establish itself as a pivotal player in the global trade landscape. This Asian tiger, now a central hub for manufacturing, produces a wide range of goods, from shoes to cutting-edge technology, harnessing the potential of the internet, smartphones, cloud computing, and data.

If you are currently listening to this podcast on a smartphone, there's a significant likelihood that the device was manufactured in Vietnam. Notably, mobile phones represent Vietnam's top export, generating export revenues exceeding $45 billion in 2017. In a period when global trade has stagnated, Vietnam's trade has skyrocketed, accounting for 190 percent of its GDP in 2017, up from 70 percent in 2007.

So, how did Vietnam emerge as a manufacturing powerhouse? In this episode of the Things Have Changed Podcast, we shine a spotlight on Vietnam and explore how the nation has firmly positioned itself as a vital player in Asian global trade, offering a fresh narrative of prosperity in the era of Slowbalization. 
Join us as we delve into the heart of Vietnam's economic renaissance!

Links:

• Joe Biden’s Visit to Hanoi is a signal to China
• Why are Vietnam’s schools so good?
• Vietnam is emerging as a winner from the era of deglobalisation
• Vietnams Richest Man wants to sell EV’s to America

Support the show

Things Have Changed

Vietnam is the second largest producer of coffee after Brazil. It has a unique coffee culture that was first introduced by the French in the mid 1800's.

Today we discuss Vietnam's key coffee growing regions and the evolution of coffee culture with Mr. Tran Nhat Quang, Founder of Là Việt Coffee. Quang is one of Vietnam's craft coffee pioneers and is establishing a fair trade approach to local growers.
 

Là Việt is a producer of specialty coffee in Vietnam. Their whole bean coffee is made from hand-picked, carefully sorted and processed Arabica beans and comes in three roasting levels. The company opened its first retail café in Dalat in 2015, and has since expanded to Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi. In 2020, Là Việt also launched a Ready-to-Drink Coffee line.

Find out more: https://laviet.coffee/en/

Follow them on Insta@ LaVietCoffee

If you've like this episode then you'll also want to check out our other coffee episodes:

- The rise of premium Chinese coffee

-The green coffee revolution

ottled in China brings you into the food and drink scene through conversations with the some of the most happening personalities. Hosted by Emilie Steckenborn, the show is your one spot for all things food, beer, wine and spirits from across the world. 

Follow us on Instagram @bottled.in.china 

Episodes available on iTunes,Spotify,online or wherever you listen to your podcasts!

Since 2016, Bottled in China brings you into the food and drink scene through conversations with the some of the most happening personalities. Hosted by Emilie Steckenborn, the show is your one spot for all things wine, food and beverages from across the world. Connect with us on LinkedIn or Instagram @bottled.in.china

Podcast available on iTunes, Spotify , online or wherever you listen to your episodes! 
Subscribe to Bottled in China to follow the journey!

Check out our new website & find out more at https://www.thebottledshow.com

Faites-nous confiance : reposez votre thé, prenez donc un café filtre vietnamien : de Ho chi Minh à Hanoï, le café incarne un art de vivre populaire et accessible. Les Vietnamiens ont concocté une manière bien à eux de le préparer, et de le savourer, un rituel : tasse après tasse, le café s'écoule du filtre en inox parfaitement adapté à la tasse, les recettes révèlent une approche unique, gourmande, devenue culture à part entière : une technique d'extraction douce et lente qui permet d'observer le café couler goutte à goutte, et de mieux savourer encore pourquoi pas, un café aux oeufs de Hanoï, une tasse de café bicolore au lait concentré ou au lait de coco, une pointe de sel même !

Avec Nam Nguyen : avec sa femme Linh, il a ouvert le premier café vietnamien de Paris, le « Hanoï Corner », rue Blanche, dans le 9ème arrondissement.  

Il explique et raconte les origines de ce café filtre finalement très peu connu en France, bien que les caféiers aient été importés et plantés au Vietnam par les colons français, un héritage dont ont peut-être voulu se libérer les 1ère et 2ème générations installées en France.

Le café est une culture en soi, la variété des recettes, le réflexe café à toute heure du jour ou de la nuit, le Ka Phê au Vietnam fait l'éloge de la lenteur, un voyage découvert grâce à Chloé Vasselin, notre complice et auteur du guide Paris Boui Boui (Alternatives 2022) ! Elle aime partager et a même organisé des ateliers découvertes autour du café vietnamien en plus des balades gourmandes qu'elle propose à Paris sur son blog : infos, détails et réservations à l'adresse : contact@boui-boui.com

« Et puis j'ai bu un café au lait de coco, et cela m'a fait l'effet d'une caresse ». Ch. Vasselin.

Pour aller plus loin

- Le secret des Vietnamiennes, de Kim Thuy, dont est extraite la lecture entendue dans l'émission. Le livre est paru aux éditions Marabout en 2018

- La maison du Vietnam

- Un orage par jour, d'André Derraine, éd. Keribu 2021

- Le café aux oeufs, une culture unique de Hanoï.

En images

Carte postale

La carte postale de Maxime et Margaux, en Galice à la découverte du pain de CEA. Ils ont eu la chance de passer la nuit dans la chaleur de l’un des fournils de la ville.

Écoutez le reportage

Le voyage de Maxime et Margaux, leurs rencontres et découvertes sont à retrouver aussi sur leur page Instagram terre_terres.

Programmation musicale

- Coffee Time, de Natalie Cole

- Grasse mat, de Vaudou Game.

What started as a company saw noodles in Ukraine has now turned into one of the newest players in the electric car market. VinFast Auto was founded in 2017 by Vietnam's largest private conglomerate. Its first models were combustion engine cars, but last year switched to producing only EVs. VinFast shares had a red-hot debut on the Nasdaq and recently broke ground on a factory in North Carolina that should start production in 2025. Joining Julia to discuss is VinFast Auto CEO Madam Le Thi Thu Thuy. 

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There's been a shift in the restructuring of the global supply chain, in the wake of a trend to derisk from China for manufactured goods. Vietnam is at the heart of this transformation, becoming a busy hub where companies across the globe flock to. Meanwhile, Vietnam has its own ambitions of making electric cars and scooters. Silva Shih had an exclusive inside look at VinFast's EV assembly line and the founder of Selex Motors. What are their ambitions and how can Taiwan tap this opportunity?

05:40 - Vietnam's significance in the "friendshoring" trend
11:40 - Will Vietnam replace China's supply chain?
15:38 - Silva's impression at the Vinfast factory
26:25 - The aspirations of young Vietnamese

Host: Kwangyin Liu
Guest: Silva Shih, Managing Editor of CommonWealth Magazine

Producers: Weiru Wang, Ian Huang

＊CW English: https://english.cw.com.tw
＊Share your thoughts: bill@cw.com.tw

留言告訴我你對這一集的想法： https://open.firstory.me/user/cledx9shs004801v3cmkogc7e/comments

When Greg and guest-host Scott moved here at the turn of the century, Bangkok had about 22km of train lines (not counting the SRT diesel trains). Now there are 210km in operation with a further 250km under construction. That's huge!

But it presents a problem - Bangkok is evolving very quickly, and unless you ride the trains A LOT, you are probably, like us, becoming more and more unfamiliar with how to get around the city you live in. Greg and Scott set out to change this, and spent a day riding around on various lines, visiting a few stations, and seeing what they could see from above (and below) the city. To get a better idea of how things look, check out this Google Map that Greg made of all the existing and upcoming train lines in Bangkok.

From the confusing new Blue Line loop to the massive Bang Sue Grand Station to dusty end of the Purple Line, the boys give their impression on how things are progressing and why - if you live here - all of us should make an effort to get more acquainted with Bangkok's train lines before we start to feel like lost, confused tourists in the very city we live in.

Don't forget that Patrons get the ad-free version of the show as well as swag and other perks. And we'll keep our Facebook, Twitter, and LINE accounts active so you can send us comments, questions, or whatever you want to share.

Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Following the recent interview of Ronald Chapdelaine of STEALTH Naked Kombucha by Stéphane Erler of Taiwan’s Tea Masters I called Stéphane to find out more about his upscale tea export business.

Ronald sources his teas from Tea Masters and I was curious to learn more about the background of this company, who publish a wealth of information online including over 400 educational videos on YouTube and a series of blog posts all about tea going back to 2004.

Stéphane started blogging about tea in 2004 after taking classes with Chih Jung Sien (aka Teaparker) the foremost Chinese tea master of his time and author of more than 30 books on the subject. Most of these books are only available in Chinese, however, The Tea Sommelier is in English. In July 2005, he began selling teas and accessories selected with care. Based in Taiwan, he has direct and privileged access to many Oolong plantations and tea ceramics manufacturers.

He fills orders worldwide and Airmail shipping is free for any order above $100 to most countries (Europe, North America and Asia).

Teas

Tea Masters has a huge variety of loose leaf teas available for order, ranging in price from $1.50 for 1 gram of broken loose puerh from Menghai Factory that “comes from the bottom of the bags” to the most expensive: 8 grams of Famous 100 years old Puerh which will set you back $9,999 (!)

More typical, at $18 for 25 grams, is the 2021 Spring Concubine Oolong from Shan Lin Xi that is described as:

Cultivar: qingxin (ruanzhi) Oolong

Harvested: May 9th, 2021

Origin: Shan Lin Xi (1200 m)

Process: jassid bitten leaves with strong oxidation and medium, slow roast. Also called Mixiang Oolong (Honey scent Oolong) or Guei Fei Oolong.

1. View

The dry leaves are rolled and have a dark brown color. The brew is shiny and clear. The color is a dark orange with shades of brown. The leaves open up well and show signs of insect bites.

2. Scents

The dry scents are subdued and like sealed inside the leaves. The brew’s scents remind me of dark, syrupy molasse. There are still ripe, honey and red fruits: currant, cherries. The oxidation level seems even stronger than in 2020.

3. Taste

Very pure, clean and sweet. No bitterness or sourness. Just some drying sensation in the back of the throat. The impact on the body is very warming. This tea resonates thanks to a sweet coating in the whole mouth. It lingers in a very deep and slowly building aftertaste. The high mountain origin of this tea adds a lot of power, sweetness and clarity.

Pairing advice: This aromatic and powerful tea is an ideal candidate for pairing with a meal or dish that would call for a fruity red wine. A good example would be Thai cuisine.

There is a companion video where Stéphane explains the provenance and preparation of this tea.

Tea in Literature

Stéphane has explored the influence of tea in literature, such as How tea helps us understand the 3 major themes of Proust’s In Search of Lost Time:

At the end of the Search, we come to understand that for Proust, turning your memories into art (a book, a music or a painting…) is a way to attain eternity, because the same moment, the same feeling can be lived again and again. His first experience of such a reminiscence comes from a madeleine that he ate with some tea. The combined flavors of the brew and cookie recreated the environment he grew up in his childhood. This ‘madeleine and tea’ experience is of such central importance in the book that the narrator brings it up on several occasions. That’s how he starts to link his memories with a desire to create art in order to preserve these memories. His ‘search’ is to find a way to preserve the time that flies away. For a long time, he pursued an idle life of pleasures, but one days he figures out that he has to write this book in order to preserve all his memories and gain a feeling of eternity. The memories were buried deep in himself. Tea was just a way to access them and enable him to turn them into literature!

On a more contemporary note, he has analyzed how the well-known Stephen Covey’s 7 Habits of Highly Effective People is relevant for tea lovers:

The seventh and last habit of the ‘7 habits of highly effective people’ book is ‘Sharpen the Saw’. It is about taking time to renew and refresh oneself in four areas: physical, mental, social/emotional, and spiritual. The habit emphasizes the importance of self-care and self-improvement to achieve long-term success and happiness. Sharpening the saw means preserving and enhancing the greatest asset you have–you. It means having a balanced program for self-renewal in the four areas mentioned above. It’s interesting to note that tea can be used to improve all four areas. Tea has an impact on your body, on your mental state, on your social life and it can even have a spiritual dimension.

https://teamasters.blogspot.com/2023/08/the-7-habits-of-highly-effective-tea_18.html

Podcast

Listen to the podcast to hear what Stéphane has to say about Tea Masters.

The post Profile: Tea Masters, Taiwan appeared first on 'Booch News.

Chau-Jean Lin's company Marulin is all about tea. Chau-Jean's family has been growing oolong tea in Taiwan for five generations. She herself trained as a materials scientist and engineer, living and working in France, the Netherlands and the UK before establishing her own company. Working with a co-operative of tea farmers, including family and friends, she focuses on sustainability and raising awareness of tea across the world.

https://marulin.co.uk

Ljius Rakuljivu is an indigenous scholar of Taiwan's southern Paiwan tribe.

Ljius tells us about his experience growing up as an indigenous youth in Taiwan, and how his community values have traveled with him, from his hometown of Tjuvecekadan and into a more urban lifestyle.

ICRT's Trevor Tortomasi hosts today's episode.

If you'd like to see the video for this interview, check out Taiwan Talk on our YouTube channel at ICRTFM100.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_L8IKEYwnA

Thanks for listening!
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A note from Talking Taiwan host Felicia Lin:

Did you know that there are 16 indigenous tribes officially recognized in Taiwan and up to 29 self-identified tribes? Also, Taiwan's current President Tsai Ing-wen's paternal grandmother was from the Paiwan tribe.

My guest on this episode of Talking Taiwan is Tony Coolidge. Tony is the Founder of the Atayal organization, which is named after his mother's indigenous tribe. In this interview Tony talks about finding his indigenous roots and the indigenous people of Taiwan. This is part one of a two part interview.

In part two of our interview, Tony will talk about his work with Indigenous Bridges through his nonprofit, the Atayal organization.

Here's a little preview of what we talked about in this podcast episode:

• How Tony discovered his indigenous roots
• Tony memories of his mother and the lessons she taught him
• Tony's mother's connection to Taiwan and her indigenous roots
• The first time that Tony visited Taiwan and met his mother's family
• Tony's mother's village Wulai
• The documentary film that was made about Tony's month-long trip to Taiwan with his brother during which time he met with several indigenous peoples and learned more about the culture
• Tony's mother's struggles as an indigenous person and why she may have hidden her indigenous background from him
• The pressure that Tony's grandfather (his mother's father, who was the chief/mayor of Wulai) had to show allegiance to the Chinese under the Kuomintang regime
• How the indigenous peoples' identity was suppressed under the Kuomintang regime and led to discrimination and abuse of indigenous people
• The discrimination that indigenous people faced under the rule of the Kuomintang and Japanese
• How the discrimination and abuse of indigenous people has changed over time
• Tony's desire to preserve indigenous culture
• How policies of former President of Taiwan, Chen Shui-bian and the changing attitudes of the media contributed to changing people views of the indigenous peoples of Taiwan
• Some key facts about the Atayal tribe (that Tony's mother belonged to)
• The mountainous and lowland indigenous tribes of Taiwan
• How many indigenous tribes are presently recognized in Taiwan
• The story of how the Atayal tribe's custom of headhunting was ended
• How Tony's sons are learning the Atayal language
• Tony started his nonprofit organization in 2001
• In 2004 Tony's nonprofit had its first indigenous cultural festival in Orlando, Florida
• Alice the teacher of indigenous cultures that Tony met in 2004 and how she was instrumental in arranging the trip during which much of the documentary about Tony's life was filmed
• Tony's trip to Taiwan in December 2004- January 2005 with his brother and the documentary film crew
• How the trip to Taiwan affected Tony's brother
• How the death of Tony's father-in-law happened in the middle of the trip and film
• The challenges that Tony and his brother faced during the trip
• The similarities and differences amongst Taiwan's indigenous tribes
• How the lives of indigenous peoples changed overnight when the Japanese removed them from their villages in the mountains
• How have the indigenous peoples of Taiwan have adjusted over time
• Social issues facing young indigenous peoples
• The story of an indigenous policeman, Sakino who created a hunting, survival club through with he passed down indigenous knowledge
• The most memorable moments of Tony's 2004 trip to Taiwan
• The abandoned village in the mountains (in Pintung) that Tony visited in the documentary film
• How the 16 tribes now recognized in Taiwan were mostly originally mountainous tribes because the lowland tribes have been assimilated so long ago
• Research has shown that more than 70% of Taiwanese have some indigenous DNA

Related Links:

A link to the "Village in the Clouds" article about Tony's trip to Taiwan in 1996 that led him to discover his indigenous roots: https://indigenousbridges.blogspot.com/2021/01/village-in-the-clouds.html

Film Director Wei Te-sheng:

Voices in the Clouds, the documentary based on Tony's 2004 trip to Taiwan: https://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/5485/Voices-in-the-Clouds?fbclid=IwAR1qjJPdz9cglu_NIK3X399mbSiZiAsTT4hztaHXbRDbYX1nZBo_vbqbk2A

Indigenous Bridges programs of the Atayal organization: https://www.indigenousbridges.org/

Video footage from indigenous language competitions: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpdlwzeeA3YU19JZsJMbYqA/videos

General information about Taiwan's indigenous people: https://oftaiwan.org/taiwan-101/taiwan-indigenous-people/

HERE’S WHAT WE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL IN THIS INTERVIEW:

• Big changes to the Friendly Nations Visa in Panama and why it’s important to listen to the professionals when it comes to immigration processes. 
• What’s next for Panama? Is it still a great place to buy real estate? and is living tax-free at the top of living a free life!
• Brazil: freedom, food and safety. Why living in one of the safest areas of Brazil has been one of the most interesting times as a family!
• Did we mention Food; Churrasco... Mikkel talks about having an indoor BBQ in his home and enjoying some of the best meat ever, being one of the highlights of living in Brazil. 
• Listen in as Mikkel talks about buying real estate in one of the most beautiful places in Brazil and having the ability to walk out your back door to some of the best beaches in the world. 
• Cost of living in Brazil, you will be pleasantly surprised!
• Children, how quickly they adapt to the language, food and surroundings and why you shouldn’t fear their ability to make these changes. 
• The truth about government-run schools, the damage that can be done by forcing your children to attend and how a new expat international school based on Socratic ideas can change your children’s lives forever.
• Heading home to Panama and the work that lays ahead of us, and how excited we are to be going home! 

RELATED PODCAST EPISODES

• 144: How To Raise Your Children To Be Multilingual - Sarah Tarvin
• 131: Travelling To Brazil During The Pandemic - Mikkel Thorup
• 115: The Solution To Educating Your Children Abroad - Michael Strong

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Support Ritmo Solidário

Help feed and support Samba School bateria players during the pandemic.

PayPal Website

Use address: chiinabadalo@gmail.com

Bio:
Jhones is working as a bateria director for 3 of Rio’s samba schools; Imperatriz, Rocinha & Império da Tijuca, but he has previously directed at Viradouro and Cubango as well. 

He started his trajectory at carnival in 2004, playing repique for Acadêmicos da Rocinha. By the year 2011 he had progressed with his playing, and was given the opportunity to become Rocinha’s drum director. As well as Rocinha, Jhones has paraded as a ritmista in many other schools such as Portela, Salgueiro & São Clemente amongst others.

Jhones first paraded with Imperatriz in 2016, at the invitation of Mestre Lolo. That year he was making all the calls and solos for the school, as repique de bossa. In 2017, Mestre Lolo gave him the opportunity to become Director of the bateria, a position which he holds until today.

As well as his work within the samba schools, he has been Mestre of the university bateria at PUC Rio since 2011. Here he is also responsible for the bloco “Filhos da PUC”.

Links:

Instagram:
https://www.instagram.com/p/CIZY4EdAvHn_rIHQ35hVU5q9hRWDrsp2UIAnho0/?utm_medium=copy_link

Video:
https://youtu.be/LwLr0tG0Wzc

https://youtu.be/QgXsUZHaYc4

Interviews with people mentioned in this podcast:

Mestra Thais
Mestre Junior
China do Estácio
Lucas Eduardo
Rob Arcari

In our last summer replay, we revisit an anxious traveler: On a last-minute trip to Rio de Janeiro, author Carmen Maria Machado luxuriates in beach feasts, practices small talk—and confronts her travel anxiety.

Resources:

Carmen's website: https://carmenmariamachado.com/

Her book, In the Dream House: A Memoir: https://bookshop.org/a/2660/9781644450383

And The Low, Low Woods: https://bookshop.org/a/2660/9781779504524

Be sure to subscribe to the show and to sign up for our podcast newsletter, Behind the Mic, where we share upcoming news and behind-the-scenes details of each episode. And explore our second podcast, Unpacked, which unpacks a tricky topic in travel each week.

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In 1989, George Monbiot travelled to Brazil to explore the troubling stories emerging from the rainforest. He lived in Manaus - in the heart of the Amazon - for two years, learning Portuguese and immersing himself in the country. George describes this time as “the beginning of my political education”, and his story spans a series of encounters that trump any Hollywood film, with investigations into local Brazilian land seizures leading to his reported death in the national press, and his dogged scrutinization of the gold rush finding him in a Wild-West-style shootout in the Amazonian hinterland.

Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/the-adventure-podcast.

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Meet Rosaluna, the first certified, gluten-free, non GMO, vegan mezcal that is naturally zero-carb, free of additives, and made to enjoy. Founded by Nate Brown, a creative director who’s worked with the likes of Kanye and Beyonce, and Terry Lee, who’s brought products to life for brands like MeUndies and Johnson and Johnson, Rosaluna honors the spirit of mezcal in Oaxaca, Mexico, and aims to bring people together through the magic of mezcal. You’ve seen it all over Instagram, and you’re bound to see it in a permanent place on your bar cart after one sip. In this episode, Nate and Terry tell us how the brand was founded on their respect for friendship, what goes into making mezcal magic, and their insights on building a brand on their own pace. 

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Inside Mexico, Oaxaca is the actual culinary hub and for good reason, everything in the culture is based around different types of foods and mercados, the local markets of Oaxaca. 

In today's podcast, I'm going to talk about markets and food in Oaxaca, you'll learn tips and more from my personal experience.

About Marina 'Travel Experta'

• I am an Experience Collector, World Traveler, Expat Mama and Wife
• I have been an expat for over 20 years, raising 2 trilingual sons
• My family and I have traveled to over 40 countries and counting …
• I’m here to inspire you to travel, move internationally, have fun with your family and so much more!

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Practise Spanish and learn about the amazing, unique food of Oaxaca, Mexico! 

Here's something for you foodie Spanish learners: a whole episode of me speaking Spanish just about the food and drink of Oaxaca, one of the food capitals of the world! 

This includes: 

• Mole (and many of its different forms) 
• Chapulines (grasshoppers, a delicacy there!) 
• Tlayudas, the "Mexican pizza" 
• Mezcal, a drink similar to tequila 

Perfect for intermediate Spanish learners, you'll learn Spanish and improve your Spanish understanding while making yourself very, very hungry! 

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On this episode of The Meals That Made Me, Adam talks with Bricia Lopez - a restaurateur, author, social activist, and co-owner of the James Beard award-winning L.A. Oaxacan restaurant, Guelaguetza.

Dubbed “LA’s Oaxacan Princess,” by the late L.A. Times food critic Jonathan Gold, Bricia shares her passion for Oaxacan culture and the rich culinary traditions and indigenous flavors that she holds close to her heart. From the complex ingredients for mole that go well beyond just chocolate, to her father’s early days in America selling tlayudas with a crunchy pork paste as a street vendor in L.A., and to why she believes that making a great salsa can impress anyone, these are the meals that made Bricia Lopez.

This podcast is produced by First We Feast in collaboration with Complex Networks

Host: Adam Richman

Executive Producers: Chris Schonberger, Nicola Linge, and Justin Bolois

Head of Podcast Production: Jen Stewart

Supervising Producer: Shiva Bayat

Senior Producer: Jocelyn Arem

Associate Producers: Nina Pollock and Katherine Hernandez

Production Managers: Shamara Rochester and Natasha Bennett

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Thanks to the team at Buzzfeed

For more First We Feast content, head to First We Feast on IG, Facebook, YouTube, and TikTok

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One aspect of India's independence that is often overlooked is the role of India's princely states; the Maharajas. During the Raj, these states had been semi-autonomous and not actually part of the British Empire. They did however rule with the permission of the British Government and were really puppet sovereign figures. However, when India got its independence after the Second World War these state's became a problem that had to be resolved for the new Indian state. 

John Zubrzycki, author of The House of Jaipur: The Inside Story of India's Most Glamorous Royal Family, is an expert on what happened to these royal families. He joins the podcast today to explain the structure of these royal states, their relationships with each other and how they were brought into the republic of India sometimes using force. In particular, he tells the story of the Royal House of Jaipur and Maharaja Man Singh II and his wife Maharani Gayatri Devi who was India’s mid-century golden couple rubbing shoulders with the Windsor's and the Kennedy's. This is a story of the end of empire, political fights, wealth, fashion and celebrity. 

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Welcome back listeners!  One of the most incredible things about board games is the ability to play games with a variety of people and player counts. Games with varying player counts can provide drastically different experiences depending on how many people are playing at a given time.  Please join me as I walk the marketplace collecting camels and selling goods in the streets of JAIPUR, and then we shall take a break and join the FOODIES in the quest for the best mall food court.  As always, thank you for your support and for listening to each episode.  I love you all.

Azeem and Laiba were traveling back to Delhi. It was late at night and the road seemed to be empty. It can be dangerous and scary, especially at night. Tune in to know what happens with them.

John Zubryzcki shares the story of the party-loving royals of the House of Jaipur, who turned to politics following Indian independence

In the 1950s and 60s, the House of Jaipur’s Jai and Ayesha were seen as India’s golden couple, rubbing shoulders with American film stars and British royalty. But as the princely states’ power was squeezed post-partition, the couple had to balance partying with politics. John Zubrzycki charts their tumultuous lives.

(Ad) John Zubryzcki is the author of The House of Jaipur: The Inside Story of India’s Most Glamorous Royal Family (C Hurst and co, 2021). Buy it now from Amazon: https://www.amazon.co.uk/House-Jaipur-Inside-Indias-Glamorous/dp/1787385566/?tag=bbchistory045-21&ascsubtag=historyextra-social-hexpod

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